Polycystic Kidney Disease in Dogs

Category: Urinary & Reproductive
Inheritance: Autosomal dominant
Breeds documented: 2
Published sources: 5

Overview

Multiple fluid-filled sacs, called cysts, develop within the kidneys and can gradually replace working tissue. Some affected dogs seem healthy, while others develop a progressive loss of kidney function. Inherited forms have been described in several breeds, including Bull Terriers and a Lagotto Romagnolo family. The amount of kidney damage can vary, so finding cysts does not by itself describe how unwell a dog is.

Signs to watch for

Drinking more if kidney function declines
Urinating more than usual as kidney disease develops
Reduced appetite with more advanced kidney disease
Weight loss as kidney disease progresses

Cysts may be found while a dog is young and still seems healthy.

When to get help Book a vet visit soon for increased thirst, increased urination, or unexplained weight loss.

Diagnosis and tests

Ultrasound helps a vet identify cysts and assess both kidneys. Blood and urine tests show how well the kidneys are working and whether complications have developed. Genetic testing has been developed for the Bull Terrier form, while a different variant was identified in the reported Lagotto Romagnolo family.

Breeds with documented risk

2 breeds

By breed size

2 Medium

Lagotto RomagnoloMedium · Sporting Group
Bull TerrierMedium · Terrier Group

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant
One copy of the variant, from either parent, is enough to put a dog at risk. On average, an affected dog passes the variant to half of its puppies. Males and females are affected equally.
As stated by OMIA

We've gathered what published sources say about this condition, so you can talk it through with your vet. It isn't veterinary advice: you and your vet know your dog best.