Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence in Dogs

Breeds documented
14
Published sources
5

Overview

Urine can leak when the muscles and supporting tissues that keep the bladder outlet closed do not seal firmly enough. This problem is called urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence, or USMI. It is often linked to hormonal changes after spaying or neutering, although some dogs have it from birth. Affected dogs may leak while resting yet still pass urine normally when awake.

Signs to watch for

  • Wet bedding where the dog has been sleeping.
  • Urine leaking while lying down or resting.
  • Wet fur around the vulva or penis.

It may be present from puppyhood, but the acquired form often develops after spaying or neutering.

When to get help Book a vet visit when you notice urine leakage, even if your dog otherwise urinates normally.

Diagnosis and tests

The vet asks when leakage happens and checks the dog with a physical examination. Urine testing and a bacterial culture help identify infection. Imaging or measurements of urine left after urination may help rule out other causes. The overall pattern and response to treatment often support the diagnosis of USMI.

Breeds with documented risk

14 breeds

By breed size
  • 5 Medium
  • 8 Large
  • 1 Giant

Most popular breeds on this list

All 14 breeds, A to Z

Inheritance

  • Not yet known

    None of the sources we use states how this is inherited in dogs yet.

We've gathered what published sources say about this condition, so you can talk it through with your vet. It isn't veterinary advice: you and your vet know your dog best.

Sources

  1. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  2. merckvetmanual.com
  3. Bearded Collie: onlinelibrary.wiley.com
  4. Doberman Pinscher: assets.ctfassets.net
  5. Doberman Pinscher: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov